We use -er/-est with the following adjectives:
1) Adjectives with one syllable
| positive | comparative | superlative |
|---|
| clean | cleaner | cleanest |
| new | newer | newest |
| cheap | cheaper | cheapest |
2) Adjectives with two syllables and the following endings:
2 - 1) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -y
| positive | comparative | superlative |
|---|
| dirty | dirtier | dirtiest |
| easy | easier | easiest |
| happy | happier | happiest |
| pretty | prettier | prettiest |
2 - 2) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -er
| positive | comparative | superlative |
|---|
| clever | cleverer | cleverest |
2 - 3) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -le
| positive | comparative | superlative |
|---|
| simple | simpler | simplest |
2 - 4) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -ow
| positive | comparative | superlative |
|---|
| narrow | narrower | narrowest |
3) Spelling of the adjectives using the endings -er/-est
| positive | comparative | superlative | comment |
|---|
| large | larger | largest | leave out the silent -e |
| big | bigger | biggest | Double the consonant after short vowel |
| sad | sadder | saddest |
| dirty | dirtier | dirtiest | Change -y to -i (consonant before -y) |
| shy | shyer | shyest | Here -y is not changed to -i.
(although consonant before -y) |
B - Comparison with more - most
| positive | comparative | superlative |
|---|
| difficult | more difficult | (the) most difficult |
all adjectives with more than one syllable (except some adjectives with two syllables - see
2 - 1 to 2 - 4)
C - Irregular adjectives
| positive | comparative | superlative | comment |
|---|
| good | better | best | |
| bad | worse | worst | |
| much | more | most | uncountable nouns |
| many | more | most | countable nouns |
| little | less | least | |
| little | smaller | smallest | |
D - Special adjectives
Some adjectives have
two possible
forms of comparison (-er/est and more/most).
| positive | comparative | superlative |
|---|
| clever | cleverer / more clever | cleverest / most clever |
| common | commoner / more common | commonest / most common |
| likely | likelier / more likely | likeliest / most likely |
| pleasant | pleasanter / more pleasant | pleasantest / most pleasant |
| polite | politer / more polite | politest / most polite |
| quiet | quieter / more quiet | quietest / most quiet |
| simple | simpler / more simple | simplest / most simple |
| stupid | stupider / more stupid | stupidest / most stupid |
| subtle | subtler / more subtle | subtlest / most subtle |
| sure | surer / more sure | surest / most sure |
E - Difference in meaning with adjectives:
| positive | comparative | superlative | comment |
|---|
| far | farther | farthest | distance |
| further | furthest | distance or
time |
| late | later | latest | |
| latter | x | |
| x | last | |
| old | older | oldest | people and things |
|
About Me
For me, learning is a never ending process and I just love it. On the other hand, teaching helps me learn faster and better (like it very much). Right now I'm teaching elementary school students, junior and senior high school students and adults.
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